thymeleaf模板

1. 依赖

 <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
    </dependency>

2. 配置

#thymeleaf start
spring.thymeleaf.mode=HTML5
spring.thymeleaf.encoding=UTF-8
spring.thymeleaf.content-type=text/html
#开发时关闭缓存,不然没法看到实时页面
spring.thymeleaf.cache=false
#thymeleaf end

Java配置 ThymeleafProperties

@ConfigurationProperties(
    prefix = "spring.thymeleaf"
)
public class ThymeleafProperties {
    private static final Charset DEFAULT_ENCODING = Charset.forName("UTF-8");
    private static final MimeType DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE = MimeType.valueOf("text/html");
    public static final String DEFAULT_PREFIX = "classpath:/templates/";
    public static final String DEFAULT_SUFFIX = ".html";
    private boolean checkTemplate = true;
    private boolean checkTemplateLocation = true;
    private String prefix = "classpath:/templates/";
    private String suffix = ".html";
    private String mode = "HTML5";
    private Charset encoding;
    private MimeType contentType;
    private boolean cache;
    private Integer templateResolverOrder;
    private String[] viewNames;
    private String[] excludedViewNames;
    private boolean enabled;
}
  • 编码
  • ContentType
  • 默认前缀
  • 默认后缀
  • 检测模板
  • 检测模板路径
  • 是否缓存
  • 模板解析顺序
  • 视图名称
  • 排除视图名称
  • 是否启用

3. 编写代码

控制器 

    @Controller
    public class HelloController {

        private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloController.class);
        /**
         * 测试hello
         * @return
         */
        @RequestMapping(value = "/hello",method = RequestMethod.GET)
        public String hello(Model model) {
            model.addAttribute("name", "Dear");
            return "hello";
        }

    }

View

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <title>hello</title>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
</head>
<body>
<!--/*@thymesVar id="name" type="java.lang.String"*/-->
<p th:text="'Hello！, ' + ${name} + '!'" >3333</p>
</body>
</html>

4. thymeleaf语法

4.1 表达式语法

变量

Thymeleaf模板引擎在进行模板渲染时，还会附带一个Context存放进行模板渲染的变量，在模板中定义的表达式本质上就是从Context中获取对应的变量的值：

<p>Today is: <span th:text="${today}">13 february 2011</span>.</p>

URL

URL在Web应用模板中占据着十分重要的地位，需要特别注意的是Thymeleaf对于URL的处理是通过语法@{...}来处理的。Thymeleaf支持绝对路径URL：

<a th:href="@{http://www.thymeleaf.org}">Thymeleaf</a>

<!-- Will produce 'http://localhost:8080/gtvg/order/details?orderId=3' (plus rewriting) -->
<a href="details.html" 
   th:href="@{http://localhost:8080/gtvg/order/details(orderId=${o.id})}">view</a>

<!-- Will produce '/gtvg/order/details?orderId=3' (plus rewriting) -->
<a href="details.html" th:href="@{/order/details(orderId=${o.id})}">view</a>

<!-- Will produce '/gtvg/order/3/details' (plus rewriting) -->
<a href="details.html" th:href="@{/order/{orderId}/details(orderId=${o.id})}">view</a>
  • 上例中URL最后的(orderId=${o.id})表示将括号内的内容作为URL参数处理，该语法避免使用字符串拼接，大大提高了可读性
  • @{...}表达式中可以通过{orderId}访问Context中的orderId变量
  • @{/order}是Context相关的相对路径，在渲染时会自动添加上当前Web应用的Context名字，假设context名字为app，那么结果应该是/app/order

字符串替换

<span th:text="'Welcome to our application, ' + ${user.name} + '!'">

<span th:text="|Welcome to our application, ${user.name}!|">

当然这种形式限制比较多，|...|中只能包含变量表达式${...}，不能包含其他常量、条件表达式等。

运算符

在表达式中可以使用各类算术运算符，例如+, -, *, /, %

th:with="isEven=(${prodStat.count} % 2 == 0)"

逻辑运算符>, <, <=,>=，==,!=都可以使用，唯一需要注意的是使用<,>时需要用它的HTML转义符：

th:if="${prodStat.count} > 1"
th:text="'Execution mode is ' + ( (${execMode} == 'dev')? 'Development' : 'Production')"

4.2 循环

<body>
  <h1>Product list</h1>

  <table>
    <tr>
      <th>NAME</th>
      <th>PRICE</th>
      <th>IN STOCK</th>
    </tr>
    <tr th:each="prod : ${prods}">
      <td th:text="${prod.name}">Onions</td>
      <td th:text="${prod.price}">2.41</td>
      <td th:text="${prod.inStock}? #{true} : #{false}">yes</td>
    </tr>
  </table>

  <p>
    <a href="../home.html" th:href="@{/}">Return to home</a>
  </p>
</body>

4.3 条件求值

If/Unless

Thymeleaf中使用th:if和th:unless属性进行条件判断，下面的例子中，标签只有在th:if中条件成立时才显示：

<a th:href="@{/login}" th:unless=${session.user != null}>Login</a>

th:unless与th:if恰好相反，只有表达式中的条件不成立，才会显示其内容。

Switch

Thymeleaf同样支持多路选择Switch结构：

<div th:switch="${user.role}">
  <p th:case="'admin'">User is an administrator</p>
  <p th:case="#{roles.manager}">User is a manager</p>
</div>

默认属性default可以用*表示：

<div th:switch="${user.role}">
  <p th:case="'admin'">User is an administrator</p>
  <p th:case="#{roles.manager}">User is a manager</p>
  <p th:case="*">User is some other thing</p>
</div>

4.4 Utilities

Thymeleaf还提供了一系列Utility对象（内置于Context中），可以通过#直接访问：

  • #dates
  • #calendars
  • #numbers
  • #strings
  • arrays
  • lists
  • sets
  • maps

#dates

/*
 * Format date with the specified pattern
 * Also works with arrays, lists or sets
 */
${#dates.format(date, 'dd/MMM/yyyy HH:mm')}
${#dates.arrayFormat(datesArray, 'dd/MMM/yyyy HH:mm')}
${#dates.listFormat(datesList, 'dd/MMM/yyyy HH:mm')}
${#dates.setFormat(datesSet, 'dd/MMM/yyyy HH:mm')}

/*
 * Create a date (java.util.Date) object for the current date and time
 */
${#dates.createNow()}

/*
 * Create a date (java.util.Date) object for the current date (time set to 00:00)
 */
${#dates.createToday()}

#strings

/*
 * Check whether a String is empty (or null). Performs a trim() operation before check
 * Also works with arrays, lists or sets
 */
${#strings.isEmpty(name)}
${#strings.arrayIsEmpty(nameArr)}
${#strings.listIsEmpty(nameList)}
${#strings.setIsEmpty(nameSet)}

/*
 * Check whether a String starts or ends with a fragment
 * Also works with arrays, lists or sets
 */
${#strings.startsWith(name,'Don')}                  // also array*, list* and set*
${#strings.endsWith(name,endingFragment)}           // also array*, list* and set*

/*
 * Compute length
 * Also works with arrays, lists or sets
 */
${#strings.length(str)}

/*
 * Null-safe comparison and concatenation
 */
${#strings.equals(str)}
${#strings.equalsIgnoreCase(str)}
${#strings.concat(str)}
${#strings.concatReplaceNulls(str)}

/*
 * Random
 */
${#strings.randomAlphanumeric(count)}

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